A Comparison Between TOEFL and Michigan Test Scores and Student Success in (1) Freshman English and (2) Completing a College Program, page 1-7 |
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teaching english as a second language
vol i
S
no 4
we
elawsv
summer
12
A comparison between TOEFL and
michigan test scores and student success in 1 freshman english and T rogram 2 completing a college p d e
original data consisted of a list of 598 non nattiive english speaking students who na entered the church college of hawaii during the years from september 1960 through february 1972 whose records included entering TOEFL andor michigan test scores students were dropped from the list who did not have scores for both tests or who did not have available freshman english grades or a graduation record this left 402 students for the study
1 s0 charts no I and 2 s h ow the il li l distribution of these students and the total
entering students during this time
this article was delivered at the national NAFSA convention held in atlanta georgia may 551972 2 197
i adm iib e with tdmissblle data who entered during the mis years 1959 through 1966 was 69 this group would normally have completed the four years required for graduation there were 23 graduates 10 transfers to other institutions 15 were academically dismissed from the college 16 dropped out some with academic warning and 5 are still in school chart no 3 shows a comparison of years in school from entrance until graduation with the entrance tests of the 23 graduates one graduated in three years three in four years nine in five years nine inisix years and two took seven es mx years to complete their college work one student was given an honorable dismissal vi h itth completed work but not a diploma eca u e because she failed to pass the required english proficiency exam beginning fall 1969 the engish en lish requirrementt was changed instead of two equi em n smster s of required freshman english and e ester a junior proficiency exam four semesters of english with a grade of C or better with no
the total number of students in the study
Coa7TENTS c ON 7wnts
A comparison between TOE FL and P michigan tow scores est on by alice C pack page 1 teaching ESL through typing by mike foley page 8 a correlated engllish LI program e ng ishE at CCH p ab se pagp
vocabulary bingo A TESL game pagp 12 e pam by cecelia Vaaioollei v al i i Vii l lett o lexical decomposition and the teaching of vocabulary baydon LF nilsen f ay do a page 13 b reflections of a non TESL person in A TESL setting to by jayne G garside page 16 pronoun chars suggestion from a reader art page 19 by walter P alien il
4
pe
pam 2 ap
TESL reporter HS L
1
NUMBER OF ENTERING STUDENTS USED IN STUDY O
chart no
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
ent students
1 I
3
3
14
45
4
1
10
34
144
143
123
13
exam
graduation requirements most foreign students at the church college of hawaii come on advanced loans and earn all their college expenses by working at the college all gardening and janitorial service is done by students with supervisory help the polynesian cultural center opened in 1963 or in the pineapple fields and canneries this additional work load might account for many who took additional time to complete their college work however all carried at least the twelve hours required by imn dgration while they miu i c were in se hool
became part
of the general
with their current status are shown on charts no aa & 4b 4a see chart no 5
A comparison of TOEFL total scores and michigan equated scores shows the following the highest TOEFL score was 688 with a matching michigan equated 86 and michigan aural 87 the next highest TOEFL was 646 with a michigan score of 98 equated and an aural of 95 this was the highest michigan score the lowest TOEFL score was 308 with a matching 43 michigan equated and an aural of 50 while the lowest michigan score was an equated 35 aural 47 with a TOEFL of 330 there was a wide discrepancy between the two scores on all levels as can be seen by charts 6 & 7
figures for the students in the study who entered CCH from 1967 through spring 1972
chart no 2
TOTAL
enrollment
BY COUNTRY AND NATIO NALITt
natl onality i
YEAR
0 0 40 t40 a ae 8 S 0 11 n S SM
4 P
W
1
a 00 V 9o
0
c t4 a
4
C
10
0
4 aj
.1 1
0 4 H
m
o
C
1 4
ra4 r
ri
0
o B
10
43
ri lb
4 W 0
0
o 0 0l
0
01
16
02
E
0 e10
1
.0 0
i4i l
n r ra4
4
4 H
n 4
fo
0e z 4q BN
0
U
M d
P
c
i0 a
i
1
6
il
i4
qi
iii
W
1 a r10 cr 43 P
1 i
1
nc
D
D
4 1
0
pn a a
nc ur Wm d Cr 4W 0
1
ra4 r
rl
0 0 t a go
1a4 rr I
c 0 ri rtZi a 3
4
0
C
1 r ir 4i ro 0 t0no fj M 4 a4 P
r
e
1
B
co c 0a4
1
W
0 z S
to
&al bk aki
z 0C
1956657 95 57
1957758 195 58
1
4
1
175
41
223 323
1958859 95 5 1959960 95 6 1960061 96 61 1961 62 961 62 1962 63 962 63
1963364 196 64
7
7
2 3
i
1
5
2
3 4
208
7 3 1 1
6
39
266
538 563
12 10
19 28 3
4
7
14 27
337
138
98 125
3
16
24
4
371 621
659 596 718
17
32
33
57
1
9
32
21 13
12
4
7
862
9 32 9
16 10
119
117 109 140
32 51 41 40 44
50
63
78 70 62
48 50
11
15
8
5 7
4 3
2
8
4 5
865
1009 889
1964465 96 65
1965566 196 66 1966667 196 67 1967768 196 68 1968869 196 69
12
14
13
6
7
9
17 27 35 31 57 52
13
3
8
558
18 19
8 228 29 21
13 16
14
21
19
8 9
6
664 671
706 674
174
220
1036
14 16
18
13
3
3
192 231 247 1211 1307
1969970 96 70 1970071 97 71
43 83
25 22
71 110
17 33
20
24
10
32
15 51
611
summer 1972 sumdw1972
page 3
chart no 3
test scores for graduates range from a low of 372 to a high michigan test scores are from 57 equated to a high of 67 equated
TOEFL
A
of 624
comparison of years in school from entrance
TOEFL
until graduation with entrance tests follows
111 11
mich
test score test scores
years in school
3
of students
1
2
9
no
low
high
530 546
530 426 58
same
4 5 6
7
374 372 400
390
400
442
470
466 44
468 520
488 524
518
69
9
60
384
392
482
624 542 61
2
when
directly underneath
TOEFL
scores are for the same student
chart no aa 4
total
1967
in school
transfer
dropped
academic
dismissal
2
non academic
dismissal
no of students
8
3
2
2
high
TOEFL
low TOEFL
53080 48271 80530
69
43843
336
530
55288 88552 80552
1
high mich
low mich
no ot 0
43438
45070 70450
1968
students
TOEFL
21
6
4
10
high
low TOEFL
54885 45272 86518
56
33658
68 49
56690 38460 90566 60384
38460 60384
high mich
low mich
1969
no of students
103
65
6
21
10
1
high
TOEFL
52886 31244
93
53273
366
84
446
54282
95
66 76
low TOEFL
36252
77
high mich
low mich
66504
73532
40406
pagn 4 paseed ae e g
chart no 4b a
total
TESL reporter
in school
transfer
dropped
academic
non academic
dismissal
1
dismissal
1970
no of students
103
85
4
13
high
low
TOEFL TOEFL
64698 31262
98 56
38051
74 50
460
544
high mich
m low miich no of
31443 66416 43314
2
85
1971
students
TOEFL
79
77
high
68886 31239
98
49874
poeP l p low TOEFL high mich
low mich no of
34855 74498 55348
39012 3
18 18
TOEFL
MICH
1972
students
spring semester
used for
on comparisons conjj
correlation on computer runs of TOEFL and michigan test scores are shown on 8 chaat8 ch r ra runs were made on the totals t and then individually on the structure
positive correlation in the total scores would have more significance if the individual tests showed more positive correlation
the moddeata mo er r e
grammar
comprehension and aural comprehension the michigan test does not have a writing score and its aural test is not included in the equated total both writing and listening comprehension are included in the total TOEFL score
vocabulary
reading
chart no 5
t evidently the measurement of which is not based on a writing ability writing sample but on choices of written has some weight on the total passages TOEFL score because the listening 4 49 comprehension is lower 49.999 and so probably does not influence the total for positive higher correlation reading
4 1967 1
CCH ENTERING STUDENTS
1971
year
pacific
53 81 51 16
41
south
orient
hawaii
mainland
&
other
62
48
144
total
495
442 448
1967
12
13
268
301
1968
1969 1970
13
67 53
240
197
150
183
611
440
1971
190
comprehension
vocabulary with individual scores come up to the 6.662 66 62
summer 4 shows but 4.99 with 49 6662 the highest of the .2 66 although it too does not total score correlation of
1972
pagp 5 aw ae
note the wide differences in some of
these scores beginning levels show a 39 and 40 michigan with 3122406 in the corresponding 31 40 TOEFL scores a differences of 94 points A 44 michigan equated score has both a 312 and 466 TOEFL score a 154 point difference A 54 michigan has a 316 and a 464 a 148 point difference A 58 has a 355 and 538 a 183 point difference
difference is found at 61 ge michigan the crucial intermediate stage with
336 and 542 TOEFL scores a 206 point difference A 68 michigan has 364 and 510 a 146 difference in using a 450 TOEFL cut off score a student with 412 but an 88 michigan test score could not be accepted on the other hand 466 reveals a 44 michigan score far e too low to sucked in freshman english A cut off at 500 yields a 510 with a 68 and a 500 at 89 again a vast difference
correlation coefficients on the two entrance tests by countries reveal some interesting 291 statistics note that japan 21.2129 does not even show any significant correlation
the widest
in our english language institute at the church college of hawaii we have found that the michigan test scores except for test D are very reliable for student placement
chart no 6
EQUATED
MICHIGAN
TEST
SCORES
WITH
comparative
TOEFL
TOTALS
35 35 39 39 40
41 42 42 43 43 43 44 44 44 45 45 45 48 48 48 49 49
50
50
so 50 s0 5o s0 5o
51 52 52 52 52 52 52 53
53 53
53 54 54 54 54
55
330 330 350 312 406 360 332 332 308 314 314 312 466 466 354 446 446 314 342 342 334 330 348 366 348 366 348 380 362 362 390 452 390 452 364 392 374 360 464
31 6
56 56
56 56 57 57 57 57 57 57
316
394
62
58 58
58
59
59 59 59
59
59
59
59
60
60 60
60 61 61 61
316 32
55
312 348 348
61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 62 62 62 62
316 394 366 452 368 388 368 388 538 355 355 364 380 364 366 364 380 364 366 384 384 358 358 458 394 400 442 370 410 374 336 372 376 416 542 376 416 542 398 312 398 370
62 62
63
63
63 63
63 63
63 63 63 63
63 63
63 64
64
64
64 64 64
64 64
65
65 65 65 65
66 66 66 66 66 66
66
66
66
66 66 67
67 67
67
312 398 370 420 432 410 432 434 408 388 442 432 434 408 388 442 382 460 370 446 382 460 370 446 446 386 430 436 436 426 406 460 398 398 388 416 376 388 416 376 430 430 416 466
67 67
68
68
416 466
73
68
68 68
68 68 68
68 68
68
68
69
69 69 69 69
69
69
69
70 70
70 70
70
70 70
70 70 70
71
71 71 71 71 71 72 72 72 72 72 72
428 408 498 408 498 408 408 382 510 364 510 364 366 368 416 446 368 446 368 446 420 450 406 406 388 388 450 440 406 406 460 442 478 492 406 406 456 430 430 444 452 460
73 73
74
464 440 464 498
83 84 84 85
74 74 75
75 75
76
76 76
76
76 76
77 78 78 78 9 78 78 0 78 78
78
78
79 79 79
79
so 80 80 80
81 81 81 81 82 82 82 82 83 83 83
81
502 502 472 510 510 548 468 456 450 452 452 508 490 424 440 482 494 424 440 482 494 374 488 374 374 476 512 530 534 502 538 502 538 502 522 542 522 472 542 476
85
85 86 86 86 86 86 86 86 86
86
476 488 488 548 544 544 528 518 528 590 688 518 528
87 88
88
88
8e b8
88 88 88 88
88
88 88 89
98 90
90
90 91
91 91 93 93 93 93 94 94 95 95 98
590 8 688 532 530 494 552 528 540 526 478 562 526 478 562 s 00 5oo 500 532 566 566 538 568 568 558 566 558 566 600 600 614 614 646
chart no 7
comparative TOEFL OEFJ
9 308 43 312 39 312 44 312 62 312 54 312 62 312 54 314 48 314 43 314 43 316 54 316 56 316 56 330 49 330 35 330 35 332 42 332 42 334 49 342 48 342 48 348 SO 50 348 50 348 55 348 50 348 55 350 39 354 45 355 58 355 58 358 60 358 60 360 41 360 53 362 52 362 52 364 53 364 59 364 59 364 68 364 59 364 59 364 68
eae 6
IP
TESL reporter
TOTALS WITH EQUATED MICHICAN TEST SCORES MG
390 392 394 394 394 398 398 398 398 398 400 406 406 406 406 406 52 53
61
366 69 366 69 a 366657 36 s7 366 SO 50 366 559 66 9 366650 36 50 366 59 368869 36 69 368 69 368857 36 57 368 69 368 57 370 61 370 64 370 62 370 64 370 62 372 61 374 79 374 53 374 53 374 79 374 79 374 79 376 661 376 1 376 66 376 61
376 66 380 51 3800559 89
56 56
62 66 66 62 62
61
70 to 70 66
40
71
406 6 406 406 408 408 408 408 6
410
70
71
70 68
68 63 63
61
410
416
416
416
380 382 382 382 384 384 386 388 388 388 388 388 388 388 388 390
59 68 64 64 60 60 65 70 70 66 57 63 66 57 63 52
63 69 67 66
61
416
416 416
67
66
63
416 61 420 70
420 424 424 z 426 428 430 430 430 430 430
78 78 66 68 67 67 72 72 65
432 432 432 434 434 436 436 440 440 440 440 442 442 442 442 444 446 446 446 446 446 446 446 450 450 450 452 452 452 452 452 452 452 456 456 458 460 460 460 460 460 460 464
63
63
63 63 63
65 65 73 70 78 78
61
71
63 63 72 65 69 45 69 45 64 69 70 70 76 57 72 76 52 72 76 52 72 76
61 71
464 54 464 54 464 73 466 67 466 44 466 67 466 44 468 76 472 75 472 83 4 7 80 476680 476 83 9 476 83 478 711 78 1 478 88 478 88 482 78 482 78 488 79 488 84 490 7& 8 492 71 494 88 494 88 494 78 494 78 498 68 498 74 500 89 500 89 502 82 SO2 81 50Z 502 74 502 81 502 74 508 77 510 75
75 68 68 80 86 518 86 522 82 3 522 82
510 510 510 512 518
66 64 72 64 72 73
526 528 28 528 528 30 530 532 32 534 538 538 6 538 538 540 542 542 54 542 544 544 548 548 552 558 558 562 562 6 566 566 566 566 568 568 590 590 goo 600 goo 600
614
88 88 86 86 86 88 80 87 90
81 91
58
81
81
08 82 83 83
61
85 85
76 85 88 93 93 88 88 90 93 90 93
91 91
86 86
94 94
5
614
95
526 88
646 646 688 688
98 98 86
86
only once in
5 years
of testing have we had
a difference when students were retested on alternate tests that was significant enough for replacement in classes this student we later found had been traveling without sleep for two nights before testing and had also ni been very ill the previous m ght we have not found individual scores of TOEFL helpful in placement in classes although students with over 550 have never had to take ELI courses although there is a moderate correlation between the totals of 06 06 the two tests og .06 this would not be helpful OE in substituting TCIE FL for michigan in placement correlations show that the individual TOEFL test scorediiliin vocabulary edlt n i would be the only one that is helpful for
diagnostic purposes TOEFL and michigan test scores show little influence on success in freshman english chart 10 shows the highest and lowest TOEFL and michigan equated scores for each grade ccategorry A g e ateg o y B C D X F withdraw A student may be given an X the first time he takes a course if he has put forth an effort to succeed and does not warrant a passing grade while an F is given to a student who fails because of lack of effort or to a student who meaakes ret t k es the class and again cannot make a passing grade there has been no distinction made between withdraw passing and withdraw failing on the chart ngil all available grades in freshman engllish
ti
summer 1972
chart no 8
TOEFL MICHIGAN TEST
a chart no 9a
todl
TOEFL OW MICHIGAN TEST C
page 7 pa
correlations
BX COUNTRIES Y
correlations
SAMOA
means
standard Bevlia tion b ev a d
TOEFI
463.914 63 24
72.0286 2 0 96
.54988 0 8 549803
67.0 34 70 14.7558 755
ah cc iigan whhgan
TOTAL SCORES
correlation coefficient 435.065 35 67.0326 70
.66246 66 246
JAPAN
TOEFL
91.60 58 1 60 15.6533 56
TONGA C TOEFLI TOEF
michigan
417.135 17 5 64.2432 42 2
.690610 690618
correlation coefficient
LISTENING
TOEFL
michiigan hc
65.6051 56 1 14.6688 46 8
corm lation coefficient a Co rre
10.5135 5135 16.9353 69
CHINA TOEFL P
comprehension
47.6778 76 70.27 78 0 27
.449559 4449 6 6 45 4 499 6
379.654 65 57.4615 74 5
.212947 21 294
127.22 27 12.4461 2.4610 2461
michigan
kachigan i mich
correlation coefficient
correlation coefficient
STRUCTURE TOEFL
GRAMMAR
TOEFL
501.471 01 1
44.5065 45 28.4351 84
.524011 52 401
8.41973 41 10.1787 01
PIJ FXJI
michigan
michigan
77.5 7 . 6 4 603 6 66 3 0 3 46 correlation coefficient 6466044603
63.7708 53 7 8 11.309 13
correlation coefficient
vocabulary
TOEFL
TOEFL
453.2 532
michigan
7144 1. 1
.80002 80 002
57.2991 72 1 4.21898 21 8
41.3766 13 24.58 44 4 58
.615167 61 516
9.26663 26 7.00672 00
corre1attii n coefficient lo
C
michigan
correlation coefficient
READING
chart no 98
8.23733 23 7.96966 9 6966
comprehension
43.6645 36 10.9671 09
.493629 49 362
toefl
MICHIIGAH TEST hiGaN H ga n
correlations
BY COUNTRIES
TOEFL
michigan
means
correlation coefficient
standard Reviia taon be d re vl a i
KOREA
were correlated with both TOEFL and equated michigan scores first by total scores in all classes and then for each class separately these were 111 112 the original
TOEFL OEFI
396
michigan
co rr elation cor
TAHITI
TOEFL
54.6667 46
67.0224 70 6.02769 02
coefficient
408.5 8 62.25 2
.391099 39 109
freshman english requirement then 100a loob 201 and 202 the new general requirement withdraws and X grades were considered with the Fs for this part of the study only in the beginning classes 01i11 until o1 i iil 1 l fall 1969 and 100a after that time was there a significant positive correlation these were 00 i oo1 significant on the .001 level with both the TOEFL and the michigan tests 112 loob and 201 showed no significance but
surprisingly 202 showed a significant 0 0 negative correlation of 0.55 this woid l indicate that the further a student progre s his original in his college english the
1
91.6715 16 19.6023 96
.972655 97 265
michigan
correlation coefficient
english ability would influence his grades total grades for all classes and test scores had no significance in this study no attempt was made to correlate figures on students who had had english language institute classes or other special english classes for 1 non nattiive speakers I have these figures and na will probably make a report on them at a continued on page 9
Object Description
| Rating | |
| Title | Vol 05 No 4 TESL Reporter |
| Edition | Electronic reproduction; |
| Publisher Original | Brigham Young University - Laie, Hawaii |
| Date Original | 1972-Summer |
| Publisher Digital | Brigham Young University |
| Date Digital | 2004-09 |
| Physical Description | 20 p. ; 23 cm. |
| Owning Institution | Brigham Young University |
| Subject |
English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers--Periodicals |
| Genre |
Periodicals |
| Language | English; eng; en |
| Citation | TESL Reporter, Vol. 5 No. 4 (Summer 1972) |
| Collection | TESL Reporter; Scholarly Periodicals; |
| Patron Usage Instructions | http://www.lib.byu.edu/generic_copyright.html |
| Copyright Status/Owner | Copyright 1972, Brigham Young University Hawaii |
| System Requirements | Internet Connectivity. Worldwide Web browser. Adobe Acrobat reader. |
| Type | text |
| Format | text/pdf |
| Identifier | 5_4 |
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