Daily morning post

              UTAH AND THE MORMONS. 
The territory of Utah is destined ere long to become one of the largest, wealthiest and most populous States of our great confederacy. It contains already over seventy-five thousand in-habitants ; and, though nearly all Mormons, they are undoubtedly an industrious and thriving people. It is already one of the wealthiest of agricultural communities. The crops this year were excellent. Their lands will produce on an average, about thirty bushels of wheat to the acre. All sorts of grains and fruits are pro-duced in great abundance, and, although far in-land, they find a ready and profitable market for all their surplus provisions, in supplying the throngs of emigrants who pass through Salt Lake City, on their way to and from California. The Salt Lake City is eight hundred miles north of east from San Francisco, and about three hundred and fifty miles west from the Great South Pass of the Rocky Mountains. In lati-tude and climate it is about the same as Penn-sylvania, and the productions similar, though more abundant. Iron, copper, coal and other minerals are found in abundance in different parts of the territory; and it is well known that gold abounds in several places; but Governor Young will not permit his people to engage in digging it. He encourages agricultural indus-try, and considers that, and the raising of stock the best source of wealth. He believes gold mining would engender indolence, extravagance, gambling and immorality; and he gives as a further reason for forbidding the digging of gold, that it would invite into their territory crowds of people not belonging to the Mor-mon church. That they do not desire. Mor-mons only are wanted for settlers, and in a few years they will be numerous enough to protect their own mines, and own and enjoy all their products. Not long since a company of men from the States, discovered a rich vein of gold not far from Salt Lake City, and determined to commence working it; but upon asking Gov-ernor Young for permission to do so, he posi-tively forbade it. Upon their urgiug that it was a free couutry, and that they had a right to work there, he replied that they had better leave peaceably, or he would find means to drive them out. They were obliged to leave. 
The Mormon settlements in the territory ex-tend about three hundred miles from north to south in a continuous chain; and a traveler in passing over the whole of that distance will sel-dom if ever be out of sight of farm houses. Salt Lake city, the capital, contains but about 6,000 inhabitants, and is situated about twelve miles from the southern shore of the Lake from which it takes its name, and which is in sight from the city. The Lake is about seventy miles in length from north to south, and from it is obtained an abundant supply of excellent salt. The raising of stock is a profitable occupation of the farmers, as there is an almost unlimited demand for cattle, horses and mules to stock the farms and supply the markets of California. Their prices are about the same as here. For this and the pro-visions sold to the emigrants they are paid al-most entirely in gold and silver, and there is now an abundant supply of money in the terri-tory. 
Schools are established throughout the settle-ments, and a tithing of all products is demanded by the Governor for the support, of the govern-ment, the churches, the schools, and the poor; and for the supply of provisions to the destitute Indians in their vicinity. They educate the In-dian children; and it is said that those children exhibit as much readiness and capacity to learn as the children of the Anglo Saxon race. 
The Mormons allege that when, some years ago, they left the States to escape from persecu-tion, they knew not where they were going. They had no known destination. But the Lord led them. As He led the Israelites through the wilderness with a visible sign of a pillar of cloud by day and of fire by night, so by His spirit, they say, He led the Mormons across the wide and almost trackless wilderness, and over the great mountains, and brought them to the goodly land of Deseret, and there bade them pitch their tents and abide. There they are resolved to abide in the full enjoyment of their own relig-ion and customs; and, from the defiant lan-guage of Governor Young, it is very evident that any attempt on part of the federal govern-ment to interfere with their local institutions, their union of church and State, their polygamy &c., will be forcibly resisted. Their numbers are rapidly increasing. From all parts of this country, from England, Wales, Scotland, Bel-gium, the German States, Denmark, and even Sweden and Norway they are gathering every year large accessions to their population. They have an organized system of emigration, and abundant funds to aid all to reach their territo-ry who desire it, come from what country they may. In twenty years Utah will be a great and wealthy State, crossed probably by an Atlantic and Pacific railroad. 
Upon the organization of the territory Presi-dent Fillmore appointed Brigham Young Gover-nor. Few now think that it was a proper choice. Though his term of office soon expires, Brigham resolves to retain the office, and declares he will be Governor until the Lord bids him resign. Any successor that the President may appoint is threatened with forcible ejectment from the ter-ritory; and for once the president has an office in his gift, even a governorship, and none are seeking it. The numerous patriots who were so willing to sacrifice themselves for the public good by accepting the Governorship of Minneso-ta, Oregon, Kansas, Nebraska and New Mexico, are rather shy in regard to Utah. They are a little afraid of Governor Young and his thirty or forty wives, with sixty-five thousand Latter Day Saints to back him. It is evidently their inten-tion to have none but a Mormon for Governor; and that Mormon, Brigham Young. If any one else is appointed and sent out from the States he will have to be backed by an army, or he will not be permitted to exercise the functions of his office. 
Meantime the population of the territory is increasing, and it will soon be demanding admis-sion to the Union as a State. Shall it be ad-mitted with its heathen custom of polygamy legalized, or shall Congress attempt to interfere with its local customs and institutions. Con-gress may refuse it admission as a State. But it will still be a State, wealthy, populous, and powerful:—an independent nation in fact, in the midst of the domain of the republic. 
Our statesmen will find in this matter some difficult questions to settle, unless it be deter-mined to yield to the Mormons all points in controversy, and receive Mormondom into the Union with its Church and State united, and polygamy legalized.