conifers; paleoenvironments; North America; Mesozoic
Description/Abstract
A very diverse flora of conifers dominated the landscape and paleoenvironments of North America during the Mesozoic time. They were particularly abundant in the Middle Mesozoic (Middle Triassic – Middle Cretaceous). At this time, conifers were evolving from ancestral to modem genera. A number of these arborescent fonns exhibited a combination of characteristics unknown in woods of extant genera. They retained primitive features while at the same time manifesting extant anatomical characteristics, hence the designation ""transitional conifers"". The following genera will be reviewed with regard to their generic and specific delineation, geographic dispersal, along with their geologic distribution throughout the Mesozoic Era: Agathoxylon Hartig 1848, Araucariopitys Jeffery 1907, Araucarioxylon Kraus 1870, Behuninia (Chandler 1966) Tidwell & Medlyn 1992, Brachyoxylon Hollick & Jeffery 1909, Cedroxylon Kraus 1872, Cupressinoxylon Goeppert 1850, Dadoxylon Endlicher 1847, Mesembrioxylon Seward 1919, Paleopiceoxylon Krause11949, Protocedroxylon Gothan 1910, Protocupressinoxylon Eckhold 1922, Protopiceoxylon Gothan 1907, Taxodioxylon Felix 1884, Taxoxylon Unger 1847, Telephragmoxylon Torrey 1921,Xenoxylon Gothan 1905