Racial/Ethnic Matching of Clients and Therapists in Mental Health Services: A Meta-Analytic Review of Preferences, Perceptions, and Outcomes

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Permanent URL	http://hdl.lib.byu.edu/1877/2800
Title	Racial/Ethnic Matching of Clients and Therapists in Mental Health Services: A Meta-Analytic Review of Preferences, Perceptions, and Outcomes
BYU Creator	Smith, Timothy B. Cabral, Raquel R.
Keywords	race; ethnicity; culture; psychotherapy; therapeutic alliance
Description/Abstract	The effects of matching clients with therapists of the same race/ethnicity have been explored using a variety of approaches across several decades. We conducted a meta-analysis of three variables frequently used in research on racial/ethnic matching: Clients' preferences for a therapist of their own race/ethnicity, clients' perceptions of therapists, and therapeutic outcomes. Across 52 studies of preferences, the average effect size was d = .63, indicating a moderately strong preference for a therapist of one's own race/ethnicity. Across 81 studies of individuals' perceptions of therapists, the average effect size was d = .32, indicating a tendency to perceive therapists of one's own race/ethnicity somewhat more positively than other therapists. Across 53 studies of client outcomes in mental health treatment, the average effect size was d = .09, indicating almost no benefit to treatment outcomes from racial/ethnic matching of clients with therapists. These three averaged effect sizes were characterized by substantial heterogeneity; the effects of racial/ethnic matching are highly variable. Studies involving African American participants demonstrated the highest effect sizes across all three types of evaluations: preferences, perceptions, and outcomes.
Source	Cabral, R., & Smith, T. B. (in press). Racial/ethnic matching of clients and therapists in mental health services: A meta-analytic review of preferences, perceptions, and outcomes. Journal of Counseling Psychology. http://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/cou/index.aspx
Publisher	American Psychological Association
Date Original	2011-10-01
Date Digital	2001-10-19
Language	English eng en
Publication Type	Peer-Reviewed Articles
Type	Text
Format	application/pdf
Owning Institution	Brigham Young University
BYU College	David O. McKay School of Education
BYU Department	Counseling Psychology and Special Education
Copyright Status	(c) 2001 American Psychological Association, all rights reserved. This article may not exactly replicate the final version published in the APA journal. It is not the copy of record.
Copyright Use Information	http://www.lib.byu.edu/generic_copyright.html

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Racial/Ethnic Matching of Clients and Therapists in Mental Health Services: A Meta-Analytic Review of Preferences, Perceptions, and Outcomes

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